Add option `--netrc-cmd` (#6682)

Authored by: NDagestad, pukkandan
Closes #1706

README.md

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ yt-dlp is a [youtube-dl](https://github.com/ytdl-org/youtube-dl) fork based on t
     * [Extractor Options](#extractor-options)
 * [CONFIGURATION](#configuration)
     * [Configuration file encoding](#configuration-file-encoding)
-    * [Authentication with .netrc file](#authentication-with-netrc-file)
+    * [Authentication with netrc](#authentication-with-netrc)
     * [Notes about environment variables](#notes-about-environment-variables)
 * [OUTPUT TEMPLATE](#output-template)
     * [Output template examples](#output-template-examples)
@@ -910,6 +910,8 @@ If you fork the project on GitHub, you can run your fork's [build workflow](.git
     --netrc-location PATH           Location of .netrc authentication data;
                                     either the path or its containing directory.
                                     Defaults to ~/.netrc
+    --netrc-cmd NETRC_CMD           Command to execute to get the credentials
+                                    credentials for an extractor.
     --video-password PASSWORD       Video password (vimeo, youku)
     --ap-mso MSO                    Adobe Pass multiple-system operator (TV
                                     provider) identifier, use --ap-list-mso for
@@ -1203,7 +1205,7 @@ The configuration files are decoded according to the UTF BOM if present, and in
 
 If you want your file to be decoded differently, add `# coding: ENCODING` to the beginning of the file (e.g. `# coding: shift-jis`). There must be no characters before that, even spaces or BOM.
 
-### Authentication with `.netrc` file
+### Authentication with netrc
 
 You may also want to configure automatic credentials storage for extractors that support authentication (by providing login and password with `--username` and `--password`) in order not to pass credentials as command line arguments on every yt-dlp execution and prevent tracking plain text passwords in the shell command history. You can achieve this using a [`.netrc` file](https://stackoverflow.com/tags/.netrc/info) on a per-extractor basis. For that you will need to create a `.netrc` file in `--netrc-location` and restrict permissions to read/write by only you:
 ```
@@ -1223,6 +1225,15 @@ To activate authentication with the `.netrc` file you should pass `--netrc` to y
 
 The default location of the .netrc file is `~` (see below).
 
+As an alternative to using the `.netrc` file, which has the disadvantage of keeping your passwords in a plain text file, you can configure a custom shell command to provide the credentials for an extractor. This is done by providing the `--netrc-cmd` parameter, it shall output the credentials in the netrc format and return `0` on success, other values will be treated as an error. `{}` in the command will be replaced by the name of the extractor to make it possible to select the credentials for the right extractor.
+To use braces in the command, they need to be escaped by doubling them. (see example bellow)
+
+E.g. To use an encrypted `.netrc` file stored as `.authinfo.gpg`
+```
+yt-dlp --netrc-cmd 'gpg --decrypt ~/.authinfo.gpg' https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc
+```
+
+
 ### Notes about environment variables
 * Environment variables are normally specified as `${VARIABLE}`/`$VARIABLE` on UNIX and `%VARIABLE%` on Windows; but is always shown as `${VARIABLE}` in this documentation
 * yt-dlp also allow using UNIX-style variables on Windows for path-like options; e.g. `--output`, `--config-location`

yt_dlp/YoutubeDL.py

@@ -190,6 +190,7 @@ class YoutubeDL:
     ap_password:       Multiple-system operator account password.
     usenetrc:          Use netrc for authentication instead.
     netrc_location:    Location of the netrc file. Defaults to ~/.netrc.
+    netrc_cmd:         Use a shell command to get credentials
     verbose:           Print additional info to stdout.
     quiet:             Do not print messages to stdout.
     no_warnings:       Do not print out anything for warnings.

yt_dlp/__init__.py

@@ -188,8 +188,8 @@ def validate_options(opts):
         raise ValueError(f'{max_name} "{max_val}" must be must be greater than or equal to {min_name} "{min_val}"')
 
     # Usernames and passwords
-    validate(not opts.usenetrc or (opts.username is None and opts.password is None),
-             '.netrc', msg='using {name} conflicts with giving username/password')
+    validate(sum(map(bool, (opts.usenetrc, opts.netrc_cmd, opts.username))) <= 1, '.netrc',
+             msg='{name}, netrc command and username/password are mutually exclusive options')
     validate(opts.password is None or opts.username is not None, 'account username', msg='{name} missing')
     validate(opts.ap_password is None or opts.ap_username is not None,
              'TV Provider account username', msg='{name} missing')
@@ -741,6 +741,7 @@ def parse_options(argv=None):
     return ParsedOptions(parser, opts, urls, {
         'usenetrc': opts.usenetrc,
         'netrc_location': opts.netrc_location,
+        'netrc_cmd': opts.netrc_cmd,
         'username': opts.username,
         'password': opts.password,
         'twofactor': opts.twofactor,

yt_dlp/extractor/common.py

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import netrc
 import os
 import random
 import re
+import subprocess
 import sys
 import time
 import types
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     GeoUtils,
     HEADRequest,
     LenientJSONDecoder,
+    Popen,
     RegexNotFoundError,
     RetryManager,
     UnsupportedError,
@@ -70,6 +72,7 @@ from ..utils import (
     smuggle_url,
     str_or_none,
     str_to_int,
+    netrc_from_content,
     strip_or_none,
     traverse_obj,
     truncate_string,
@@ -535,7 +538,7 @@ class InfoExtractor:
     _EMBED_REGEX = []
 
     def _login_hint(self, method=NO_DEFAULT, netrc=None):
-        password_hint = f'--username and --password, or --netrc ({netrc or self._NETRC_MACHINE}) to provide account credentials'
+        password_hint = f'--username and --password, --netrc-cmd, or --netrc ({netrc or self._NETRC_MACHINE}) to provide account credentials'
         return {
             None: '',
             'any': f'Use --cookies, --cookies-from-browser, {password_hint}',
@@ -1291,45 +1294,47 @@ class InfoExtractor:
         return clean_html(res)
 
     def _get_netrc_login_info(self, netrc_machine=None):
-        username = None
-        password = None
         netrc_machine = netrc_machine or self._NETRC_MACHINE
 
-        if self.get_param('usenetrc', False):
-            try:
-                netrc_file = compat_expanduser(self.get_param('netrc_location') or '~')
-                if os.path.isdir(netrc_file):
-                    netrc_file = os.path.join(netrc_file, '.netrc')
-                info = netrc.netrc(file=netrc_file).authenticators(netrc_machine)
-                if info is not None:
-                    username = info[0]
-                    password = info[2]
-                else:
-                    raise netrc.NetrcParseError(
-                        'No authenticators for %s' % netrc_machine)
-            except (OSError, netrc.NetrcParseError) as err:
-                self.report_warning(
-                    'parsing .netrc: %s' % error_to_compat_str(err))
+        cmd = self.get_param('netrc_cmd', '').format(netrc_machine)
+        if cmd:
+            self.to_screen(f'Executing command: {cmd}')
+            stdout, _, ret = Popen.run(cmd, text=True, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+            if ret != 0:
+                raise OSError(f'Command returned error code {ret}')
+            info = netrc_from_content(stdout).authenticators(netrc_machine)
 
-        return username, password
+        elif self.get_param('usenetrc', False):
+            netrc_file = compat_expanduser(self.get_param('netrc_location') or '~')
+            if os.path.isdir(netrc_file):
+                netrc_file = os.path.join(netrc_file, '.netrc')
+            info = netrc.netrc(netrc_file).authenticators(netrc_machine)
+
+        else:
+            return None, None
+        if not info:
+            raise netrc.NetrcParseError(f'No authenticators for {netrc_machine}')
+        return info[0], info[2]
 
     def _get_login_info(self, username_option='username', password_option='password', netrc_machine=None):
         """
         Get the login info as (username, password)
         First look for the manually specified credentials using username_option
         and password_option as keys in params dictionary. If no such credentials
-        available look in the netrc file using the netrc_machine or _NETRC_MACHINE
-        value.
+        are available try the netrc_cmd if it is defined or look in the
+        netrc file using the netrc_machine or _NETRC_MACHINE value.
         If there's no info available, return (None, None)
         """
 
-        # Attempt to use provided username and password or .netrc data
         username = self.get_param(username_option)
         if username is not None:
             password = self.get_param(password_option)
         else:
-            username, password = self._get_netrc_login_info(netrc_machine)
-
+            try:
+                username, password = self._get_netrc_login_info(netrc_machine)
+            except (OSError, netrc.NetrcParseError) as err:
+                self.report_warning(f'Failed to parse .netrc: {err}')
+                return None, None
         return username, password
 
     def _get_tfa_info(self, note='two-factor verification code'):

yt_dlp/options.py

@@ -720,6 +720,10 @@ def create_parser():
         '--netrc-location',
         dest='netrc_location', metavar='PATH',
         help='Location of .netrc authentication data; either the path or its containing directory. Defaults to ~/.netrc')
+    authentication.add_option(
+        '--netrc-cmd',
+        dest='netrc_cmd', metavar='NETRC_CMD',
+        help='Command to execute to get the credentials for an extractor.')
     authentication.add_option(
         '--video-password',
         dest='videopassword', metavar='PASSWORD',

yt_dlp/utils/_utils.py

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import json
 import locale
 import math
 import mimetypes
+import netrc
 import operator
 import os
 import platform
@@ -864,6 +865,13 @@ def escapeHTML(text):
     )
 
 
+class netrc_from_content(netrc.netrc):
+    def __init__(self, content):
+        self.hosts, self.macros = {}, {}
+        with io.StringIO(content) as stream:
+            self._parse('-', stream, False)
+
+
 def process_communicate_or_kill(p, *args, **kwargs):
     deprecation_warning(f'"{__name__}.process_communicate_or_kill" is deprecated and may be removed '
                         f'in a future version. Use "{__name__}.Popen.communicate_or_kill" instead')